Adults need at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity a week, plus muscle-strengthening activity on at least 2 days. That is the CDC’s guideline, and it is easier than it sounds: 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week gets you there. If you are doing less today, the same sources say some activity is better than none.
What is the weekly exercise target for adults?
The CDC adult activity guidelines give three ways to meet the aerobic target. You also need strength work on top of any of them.
| Option | What it looks like |
|---|---|
| Moderate | 150 minutes a week of something like brisk walking (30 minutes, 5 days) |
| Vigorous | 75 minutes a week of something like jogging or running |
| Mix | An equivalent mix of moderate and vigorous activity on 2 or more days |
| Strength (add to any option) | 2 or more days a week working all major muscle groups: legs, hips, back, abdomen, chest, shoulders, arms |
You do not have to do it in one go. The CDC says you can break it into smaller chunks and spread it across the week. Its benefits page notes that 150 minutes also works out to about 22 minutes a day. Going past 150 minutes (or 75 vigorous) earns more health benefits.
The World Health Organization’s 2020 guidelines, as reported by ScienceAlert, recommend 150 to 300 minutes of moderate or 75 to 150 minutes of vigorous activity a week.
What if I can’t hit 150 minutes yet?
Start where you are. The CDC says adults who sit less and do any amount of moderate or vigorous activity gain some health benefits. It also says that for type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome, people start to benefit from even less than 150 minutes a week. MedlinePlus advises building up slowly, adding a few minutes to a walk or a slightly heavier weight over time, and showing up regularly even for short sessions.
An estimated 110,000 deaths a year in the U.S. could be prevented if adults 40 and older did more moderate-to-vigorous activity, and the CDC says even 10 more minutes a day would make a difference.
Is working out 5 days a week too much?
No. Five days a week is the CDC’s own example: 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week. The guideline is a minimum, and the CDC says going beyond it brings more benefit.
What matters more than the number of days is how you ramp up. MedlinePlus suggests building activity level slowly, mixing up your workouts to help prevent injuries or burnout, and listening to your body. If you have pain, extreme shortness of breath or dizziness, MedlinePlus says to stop exercising and seek help right away. If you have not exercised in a while or have health concerns, talk to your provider first.
What is the 3-3-3 rule for exercising?
The 3-3-3 rule is not part of the CDC or MedlinePlus guidance. If a program, app or influencer uses it, check what it actually asks of you against the benchmark above: about 150 minutes of moderate activity and 2 strength days a week. A routine that gets you to those numbers is meeting the official guideline, whatever it is called.
Is 10,000 steps a day still sedentary?
Steps and sitting are measured differently, so a high step count does not automatically cancel a long day in a chair. The CDC says to move more and sit less, and the two goals go together.
On steps themselves, the CDC’s benefits page cites one study where the risk of premature death leveled off at about 8,000 to 10,000 steps a day for adults younger than 60, and at about 6,000 to 8,000 steps for adults 60 and older. So you do not need to chase a bigger number than that for that benefit.
On sitting, a meta-analysis of nine studies with 44,370 people wearing fitness trackers, reported by ScienceAlert, found that about 30 to 40 minutes a day of moderate-to-vigorous activity was enough that high sitting time was no longer linked to a higher risk of death. That was an analysis across separate studies, and the researchers say it is not yet clear exactly where the bar for too much sitting lies. Brisk walking, cycling and gardening all count as moderate activity.
How long should a 70-year-old exercise?
The CDC has a separate older adult page and an age chart with exact amounts by age group, so use those for your own target. What the CDC’s benefits page says plainly is that older adults should include three kinds of activity: aerobic, muscle strengthening and balance. This can be done at home or in a structured community program.
If 150 minutes feels far away, there is encouraging research. A study presented at the EuroPRevent 2016 meeting and reported on EurekAlert followed a French group of 1,011 people and combined it with an international group of 122,417 adults around age 60. Older adults doing a low level of activity, about half the recommended amount or roughly a 15-minute brisk walk a day, had a 22% lower risk of death than inactive peers. Medium and high activity levels showed 28% and 35% lower risk. This was an observational study, so it shows an association, not proof. The researcher suggested older adults increase gradually instead of making dramatic changes.
Because exercise needs depend on age and health, MedlinePlus says your provider can help you choose the best type and amount for you.
What is the best exercise for seniors?
The sources do not name a single winner. They point to a combination. MedlinePlus describes four types, and says most people benefit from a mix:
| Type | Examples | What it does |
|---|---|---|
| Aerobic | Walking, running, swimming | Raises breathing and heart rate; keeps heart, lungs and circulation healthy |
| Strength | Weights, resistance bands, body weight | Builds stronger muscles |
| Balance | Tai chi, standing on one leg | Improves stability and coordination; may help prevent falls |
| Flexibility | Stretching, yoga | Helps joints move more easily and improves posture |
The CDC says muscle strengthening matters for older adults, who lose muscle mass and strength with age. It adds that doing a variety of activities improves physical function and lowers the risk of falls and fall injuries. It describes brisk walking as generally safe for most people.
What are five exercises seniors can do every day?
The sources do not prescribe a daily list, and the CDC asks for strength work on 2 or more days, not every day. Here are five low-barrier options the sources themselves mention, which you can rotate:
- Brisk walking
- Dancing or yard work (the CDC lists both as ways to reach the moderate target)
- Tai chi
- Standing on one leg
- Stretching or yoga
Add resistance bands, light weights or body-weight moves on two days. A fitness professional such as an exercise physiologist, whose job per O*NET includes assessing and planning fitness programs, can build a routine around your health history.
What exercises should seniors not do?
The sources reviewed here do not give a list of banned exercises. MedlinePlus says to check with your health care provider before you start, especially if you have trouble moving or balancing, or worry exercise might not be safe for you. It also says to stop and seek help for pain, extreme shortness of breath or dizziness. Weight training technique matters, and the CDC says to increase weight and repetitions slowly. Your clinician is the right person to tell you what to avoid given your joints, heart or balance.
Which exercise is most anti-aging?
No source ranks one exercise as the most anti-aging. What the CDC does say is that regular activity helps keep thinking, learning and judgment skills sharp as you age, lowers the risk of functional limitations such as trouble climbing stairs, and lowers the risk of hip fracture. It also says muscle-strengthening helps you maintain muscle mass. So the practical anti-aging plan is the same mix of aerobic, strength and balance work.
What exercise burns the most belly fat for seniors?
The sources do not point to any exercise that targets belly fat. The CDC says eating patterns and physical activity both play critical roles in weight management. It says that to lose weight and keep it off, you need a high amount of physical activity unless you also reduce the calories you eat and drink. It also says people vary greatly in how much activity they need. Regular activity can lower your risk of metabolic syndrome, which includes too much fat around the waist. If waist size is your concern, talk to your clinician about both activity and eating.
Before you start
- If you have not exercised in a while, or have a health condition, talk to your provider about the right type and amount.
- For exact weekly amounts by age, check the CDC’s age chart and older adult page.
- Pick activities you enjoy; MedlinePlus says that makes them easier to keep up.
- Consider a pedometer or phone app to track steps and minutes.
For the full benefits list, see the CDC’s benefits of physical activity page, and MedlinePlus’s exercise and physical fitness page for getting started.
For more health and fitness guides, browse the PHFR home page, or return to PHFR Health & Fitness Resources for more articles on building a routine that fits your life.
By PHFR.com Health & Fitness Team